One of the top aspects of effective communication is active listening. This means paying full attention to the person speaking, without interrupting or formulating a response while they are still talking. By actively listening, we show the speaker that we value their thoughts and are interested in what they have to say.

• ❖ Use "I" statements: When expressing your thoughts or feelings, use "I" statements. This means using phrases such as "I feel" or "I think" rather than "you always" or "you never." Using "I" statements can help to avoid blame or criticism, and can make it easier for the other person to understand your perspective.
• ❖ Avoid assumptions: One of the biggest obstacles to effective communication is making assumptions. When we assume we know what someone is thinking or feeling, we can easily misunderstand them. Avoid making assumptions and instead, ask questions to clarify the other person's thoughts and feelings.
• ❖ Stay calm: When communicating in difficult or emotionally charged situations, it's important to stay calm. When we become angry or upset, it can be harder to express ourselves clearly and it's more likely that the other person will become defensive. By staying calm, we can communicate more effectively and find a resolution.
• ❖ Be clear and specific: When communicating, be clear and specific about what you want or need so that it will help you to prevent chaos and misconceptions.
• ❖ Be open-minded: Be open to other people's perspectives, even if they differ from your own. That can help you to create a more productive and respectful conversation.
• ❖ Practice empathy: Putting yourself in the other person's shoes and understanding their feelings can help to improve communication and build stronger relationships.